Bombay Black Unicode Download View Count : 108101 Trad Arabic Bold Unicode Download View Count : 16434 PDMS_Saleem_QuranFont Download View Count : 14980 Nastaleeq Font. The monks transliterated the Arabic language using Syriac script. Adlam (slight influence from Arabic) 1989 CE. For reviews, comments and queries on "Pak Urdu Installer" Click Here. Unicode () Unicode () otf-gfs AUR - Greek Font Society OpenType ; ttf-mgopen AUR - Magenta TrueType ; Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq Download View Count : 15654. You can also Search, Chat, send and receive Email in Urdu and type Urdu in Facebook. Multi-page HTML Feedback ; There are no distinct upper and lower case letter forms. Train The Trainer Cna Instructor Course In Alabama, Positive Displacement Pump Vs Centrifugal Pump. [84] Mashafi was the first person to simply modify the name Zabn-i-Ordu to Urdu.[85]. Along with English, it became the first official language of British India in 1850. Here a complete map of Urdu Phonetic Keyboard. Making the web more beautiful, fast, and open through great typography Inpage 2021, for instance, is compatible with various RTF and PDF formats. More than 60 Unicode Naskh Fonts Earliest forms of the language's literature may be traced back to the 13th-14th century works of Amr Khusrau Dehlav, often called the "father of Urdu literature" while Wal Deccani is seen as the progenitor of Urdu poetry. Download here . In addition questions like "How to write Urdu alongside English?" , fontconfig , Font configuration#Set default or fallback fonts, serif DejaVu Serifsans-serif DejaVu Sans monospace DejaVu Sans Mono KDE , monospace DejaVuSansMono.ttf , fontconfig Unicode fc-list :lang="". Children's books, elementary school texts, and Arabic-language grammars in general will include diacritics to some degree. 2. "Religious vs. regional determinism: India, Pakistan and Bangladesh as inheritors of empire." To encode a particular written form of a character, there are extra code points provided in Unicode which can be used to express the exact written form desired. One might reasonably assume that the Hindustani spoken in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh (known for its usage of Urdu) and Varanasi (a holy city for Hindus and thus using highly Sanskritised Hindi) is somewhat different. Emoji List of applications/Utilities#Text input. Using the power of Nastaliq & Character based fonts InPage gives you the freedom to design your dreams in almost all Perso-Arabic scripts like Urdu, Arabic, Persian, Sindhi, Kashmiri Pushto & Hazaragi. , TrueType OpenType , TeX Metafont *pk*gfmf vf TrueType OpenType , FontForgefontforge sfdspline font database, pacman Arch AUR , fc-query fc-query -f '%{family[0]}\n' FcPatternFormat(3) , # pacman , fontconfig , chmod 444 555, Xserver FontPath Xorg /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/xorg.conf) #, fontconfig fontconfig , fontconfig GTK 1.x xfontsel, /usr/share/fonts , X fonts.dir , /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d , /etc/X11/xorg.conf , ttf-liberation root , AUR Unicode Unicode , Unicode () Unicode (), Emoji CBDT/CBLC (Google)SBIX (Apple)COLR/CPAL (Microsoft) SVG (Mozilla/Adobe). The following is a sample text, Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, in the two official registers of Hindustani, Hindi and Urdu. InPage Professional Balochi Version 3.60 is released with 100% ligature base font . However, none of the sets indicates the form that each character should take in context. [2], Prior to 1947, Hindustani was officially recognised by the British Raj. In Dakhani, aspirated consonants were replaced with their unaspirated counterparts; for instance, dekh see became dek, ghula dissolved became gula, kuch some became kuc, and samajh understand became samaj. Besides being the lingua franca of North India and Pakistan in South Asia,[11][36] Hindustani is also spoken by many in the South Asian diaspora and their descendants around the world, including North America (e.g., in Canada, Hindustani is one of the fastest growing languages),[89] Europe, and the Middle East. . Jameel Noori Nastaleeq Download We are also very thankful to CRULP (Centre for Research in Urdu Language Processing, National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences - FAST Lahore, Pakistan) for providing us free Urdu Unicode font, Nafees Web Naskh. For simplicity Urdu alphabets are arranged with corresponding similar sounding English alphabets, like "A" key is for "ALIF" and "B" key is for "BAY" etc. The basic Arabic range encodes the standard letters and diacritics but does not encode contextual forms (U+0621-U+0652 being directly based on ISO 8859-6). the vernacular dialects of Hindustani as spoken throughout India, the neutralized form of Hindustani used in popular television and films (which is nearly identical to colloquial Urdu), or. For example, the letters m-y-l can be read like English meel or mail, or (theoretically) also like mayyal or mayil. $font uses the same syntax as in ~/.Xresources and can be anything the terminal emulator will support. Therefore, they one another's with brotherhood's treatment do must. While the first literary works (mostly translations of earlier works) in Sanskritised Hindustani were already written in the early 19th century as part of a literary project that included both Hindu and Muslim writers (e.g. Disco is a wide font with lots of monospace between letters. Emoji font fallback according to the standard requires extra code to handle emoji. We are also very thankful to CRULP ( Centre for Research in Urdu Language Processing , National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences - FAST Lahore, Pakistan) for providing us "Pak Urdu Installer" performs all steps automatically without CD i.e. Hindi is declared by Article 343(1), Part 17 of the Indian Constitution as the "official language (, rjabh) of the Union." Another kind of hij order was used widely in the Maghreb until recently[when?] [61] Hindustani retained the grammar and core vocabulary of the local Delhi dialect. Use the table of primary letters to look at their actual glyph and joining types. Font #86: Dolce VitaDalton Maag is a typeface design studio founded in 1991. The Arabic alphabet is always cursive and letters vary in shape depending on their position within a word. The etymology of the word Urdu is of Chagatai origin, Ord ('camp'), cognate with English horde, and known in local translation as Lashkari Zabn ( ),[70] which is shorted to Lashkari (). After installing "Pak Urdu Installer" on your computer, you can type Urdu in programs like Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Photoshop and other softwares. You can also Search, Chat, send and receive Email in Urdu and type Urdu in Facebook. To return English press same Alt+shift, besides keyboard shortcut (Alt+Shift) you can select Urdu or English mode by clicking on language bar on taskbar. The first surviving document that definitely uses these dots is also the first surviving Arabic papyrus (PERF 558), dated April 643, although they did not become obligatory until much later. Urdu to English. MS Word) you want to write Urdu, press left Alt+Shift on keyboard, so you will be able to type Urdu in this software. 2011. "Pak Urdu Installer" is a complete package of Urdu installation and free Urdu software for all Urdu Lovers. To them conscience and intellect endowed is. The first known text in the Arabic alphabet is a late 4th-century inscription from Jabal Ramm (50km east of Aqabah) in Jordan, but the first dated one is a trilingual inscription at Zebed in Syria from 512. No. Maronite monks at the Maar Quzhayy Monastery in Mount Lebanon published the first Arabic books to use movable type in the Middle East. xterm or rxvt-unicode, fonts can be set by using escape sequences. If it appears "UR" on language bar it means Urdu mode and if it appears "EN" on language bar it means English language is selected. La demande de cette fonte provient de Virginia Howlett du groupe de typographie de Microsoft.. The hij () or alifb () order, used where lists of names and words are sorted, as in phonebooks, classroom lists, and dictionaries, groups letters by similarity of shape. Vowel marks are always written as if the irb vowels were in fact pronounced, even when they must be skipped in actual pronunciation. For example, (Ararat) has only isolated forms because each letter cannot be connected to its following one. It is characterized by loanwords from local languages. Kaomoji are sometimes referred to as "Japanese emoticons" and are composed of characters from various character sets, including CJK and Indic fonts. Used in Tunisia and in Algeria for loanwords and for the dialectal pronunciation of, Regarding pronunciation, the phonemic values given are those of Modern Standard Arabic, which is taught in schools and universities. Long vowels written in the middle of a word of unvocalized text are treated like consonants with a sukn (see below) in a text that has full diacritics. To return English press same Alt+shift, besides keyboard shortcut (Alt+Shift) you can select Urdu or English mode by clicking on language bar on taskbar. Shared space: Divided space. [74], John Fletcher Hurst in his book published in 1891 mentioned that the Hindustani or camp language of the Mughal Empire's courts at Delhi was not regarded by philologists as a distinct language but only as a dialect of Hindi with admixture of Persian. Can be substituted with, Used in loanwords and dialectal words instead of, It is a Persian letter. In many other states, studying Hindi is usually compulsory in the school curriculum as a third language (the first two languages being the state's official language and English), though the intensiveness of Hindi in the curriculum varies.[88]. [81] After the advent of the Mughals in the subcontinent, Hindustani acquired more Persian loanwords. ", Learn how and when to remove this template message, National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language, Persian language in the Indian subcontinent, 22 officially recognized languages of India, 22 officially recognised languages of India, Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India, "National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language", "After experiments with Hindi as national language, how Gandhi changed his mind", "A House United: Bridging the Script and Lexical Barrier between Hindi and Urdu", "Women of the Indian Sub-Continent: Makings of a Culture - Rekhta Foundation", "Hindustani language | Origins & Vocabulary | Britannica", "What are the top 200 most spoken languages? The hij order is never used as numerals. Three common Urdu fonts that are used in Urdu websites which is Jameel Noori Nastaleeq, Nafees Web Naskh and Urdu Naskh AsiaType have been included in this font Installer. (In this context, "Union" means the Federal Government and not the entire country[citation needed]India has 23 official languages.) The system was finalized around 786 by al-Farhd. Verdana est une police d'criture sans empattement, conue en 1996 par Matthew Carter pour l'entreprise Microsoft.L'optimisation pour l'affichage est due Tom Rickner d'Agfa Monotype. Although the government school system in most other states emphasises Modern Standard Hindi, at universities in cities such as Lucknow, Aligarh and Hyderabad, Urdu is spoken and learnt, and Saaf or Khaalis Urdu is treated with just as much respect as Shuddha Hindi. Convert from InPage to Urdu Unicode text (Beta v0.30b) Copy/paste the text from InPage editor: Reverse Numbers/Digits (for older InPage) Select font for display: Jameel Noori Nastaleeq (Urdu) Nafees Web Naskh (Arabic with Aeraab) Urdu Typing on Computer and Internet is quite simple and easy. Differences can include the location of non-alphabetic characters. Le nom Verdana est une contraction de verdant (verdoyant, comme dans la rgion de Trad Arabic Bold Unicode Download View Count : 16434. He personally cut the type molds and did the founding of the typeface. Briefly, a = ; y = ; and w = . Early forms of present-day Hindustani developed from the Middle Indo-Aryan apabhraa vernaculars of present-day North India in the 7th13th centuries, chiefly the Dehlavi dialect of the Western Hindi category of Indo-Aryan languages that is known as Old Hindi. With accurate Quran text and Quran translations in various languages If you copy and paste that text into a text window, it will render as regular naskh script Invite your guests Enter your text by typing or pasting the text in the text box above and let the font generator do its job. This is the only one compulsory for fonts and word-processing. Later still, vowel marks and the hamzah were introduced, beginning some time in the latter half of the 7th century, preceding the first invention of Syriac and Hebrew vocalization. Huruf Konsonan. Urdu to English. The Arabic Presentation Forms-B range encodes spacing forms of Arabic diacritics, and more contextual letter forms. To check the language mode we should observe Language Bar. For clarity in the table, the primary letters on the left used to mark these long vowels are shown only in their isolated form. To write qalb, we would instead indicate that the l is followed by no vowel by marking it with a diacritic called sukn (), like this: . Verdana est une police d'criture sans empattement, conue en 1996 par Matthew Carter pour l'entreprise Microsoft.L'optimisation pour l'affichage est due Tom Rickner d'Agfa Monotype. In the remaining states, Hindi is not an official language. Other ranges are for compatibility to older standards and contain other ligatures, which are optional. [30][28][31][63] The language was also known as Rekhta, or 'mixed', which implies that it was mixed with Persian. All Nastaleeq Urdu Fonts free download. [82][86] Upon partition, India and Pakistan established national standards that they called Hindi and Urdu, respectively, and attempted to make distinct, with the result that Hindustani commonly, but mistakenly, came to be seen as a "mixture" of Hindi and Urdu. Many letters look similar but are distinguished from one another by dots (ijm) above or below their central part (rasm). SIL International[6]. After installing "Pak Urdu Installer" further details on Urdu typing will be available in an icon with the name of Pak Urdu Installer on your computer's desktop. Font #86: Dolce VitaDalton Maag is a typeface design studio founded in 1991. It is heavily influenced by Persian vocabulary and was historically also known as Rekhta. U+06D6 to U+06ED encode Qur'anic annotation signs such as "end of ayah" and "start of rub el hizb" . The Arabic script is the writing system used for Arabic and several other languages of Asia and Africa. Dictionary. It has a new version with one of the most advanced versions in Naskh. 'of Hindustan')[10][2][3] is the lingua franca of Northern and Central India and Pakistan. alif is 1, b is 2, jm is 3, and so on until y = 10, kf = 20, lm = 30, , r = 200, , ghayn = 1000. [10] Hindustani is perhaps the lingua franca of the north and west of the Indian subcontinent, though it is understood fairly well in other regions also, especially in the urban areas. Another example: the sentence that in correct literary Arabic must be pronounced Amadu zawjun shirrr "Ahmad is a wicked husband", is usually mispronounced (due to influence from vernacular Arabic varieties) as Amad zawj shirrr. [36], This can be seen in the popular culture of Bollywood or, more generally, the vernacular of North Indians and Pakistanis, which generally employs a lexicon common to both Hindi and Urdu speakers. Medieval Arabic blockprinting flourished from the 10th century until the 14th. "Hindustani." Each font has different style and face. Although Napoleon Bonaparte generally receives credit for introducing the printing press to Egypt during his invasion of that country in 1798, and though he did indeed bring printing presses and Arabic script presses to print the French occupation's official newspaper Al-Tanbiyyah ("The Courier"), printing in the Arabic language started several centuries earlier. Nunation (Arabic: tanwn) is the addition of a final -n to a noun or adjective. A way of writing the letter y without its dots at the end of words, either traditionally or in contemporary use in Egypt and Sudan. (The generic term for such diacritical signs is arakt). InPage Urdu is the industry standard tools for page-making of Newspapers, Magazines & Books in Urdu/Arabic languages. Because this is a formal legal text, differences in vocabulary are most pronounced. Multi-page HTML Feedback ; It is used at the end of words with the sound of /a/ in Modern Standard Arabic that are not categorized in the use of, . We are also very thankful to CRULP ( Centre for Research in Urdu Language Processing , National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences - FAST Lahore, Pakistan) for providing us The first book came off his press in 1734; this press continued in use until 1899.[14]. However, this was cumbersome and easily confusable with the letter-distinguishing dots, so about 100 years later, the modern system was adopted. It also adds a text output type of calligraphy. After installation of "Pak Urdu Installer" and restarting your computer as prompted a Language Bar will be displayed on the Taskbar, as illustrated in the images below. when it was replaced by the Mashriqi order.[2]. It also adds a text output type of calligraphy. [10], Standard Hindi, one of the 22 officially recognized languages of India and the official language of the Union, is usually written in the indigenous Devanagari script of India and exhibits less Persian and Arabic influence than Urdu. When the font is used, the effective character map is the intersection of the codepoints defined by unicode-range with the font's character map. It automatically installs Urdu fonts, activates Urdu language support and installs Urdu keyboard without windows CD. English to Urdu. There are 17 Urdu fonts available in this category. Nijhawan, S. 2016. [21] The conversion from Hindi to Urdu (or vice versa) is generally achieved just by transliteration between the two scripts, instead of translation which is generally only required for religious and literary texts. In practice, pronunciation may vary considerably from region to region. Each font has different style and face. [44] As Muslim rule expanded, Hindustani speakers traveled to distant parts of India as administrators, soldiers, merchants, and artisans. The long i sound in some editions of the Qurn is written with a kasrah followed by a diacritic-less y, and long u by a ammah followed by a bare w. In others, these y and w carry a sukn. More than 60 Unicode Naskh Fonts It has a new version with one of the most advanced versions in Naskh. [23] However this view is not generally accepted. All Arabic vowels, long and short, follow a consonant; in Arabic, words like "Ali" or "alif", for example, start with a consonant: Aliyy, alif. The term bazaar Hindustani, in other words, the 'street talk' or literally 'marketplace Hindustani', has arisen to denote a colloquial register of the language that uses vocabulary common to both Hindi and Urdu while eschewing high-register and specialized Arabic or Sanskrit derived words. During the British Raj, the term Hindustani was used by British officials. This is one step down from full vocalization, where the vowel after the q would also be indicated by a fatah: . All Nastaleeq Urdu Fonts free download. [68], In the 18th century, towards the end of the Mughal period, with the fragmentation of the empire and the elite system, a variant of Hindustani, one of the successors of apabhraa vernaculars at Delhi, and nearby cities, came to gradually replace Persian as the lingua franca among the educated elite upper class particularly in northern India, though Persian still retained much of its pre-eminence for a short period. You can also Search, Chat, send/receive Email in Urdu and type Urdu in Facebook etc. Its majors centres of development included the Mughal courts of Delhi, Lucknow, Agra and Lahore as well as the Rajput courts of Amber and Jaipur. macOSmacOS (Example: xft:dejavu sans mono:size=9), Matplotlib (python-matplotlib) $HOME/.matplotlib/fontList.cache$HOME/.cache/matplotlib/fontList.cache, $HOME/.sage/matplotlib-1.2.1/fontList.cache [8], BiConbicon-gitAUR, Arch Linux Localization ()#, List of applications/Utilities#Text input, TeX Live#Making fonts available to Fontconfig, Font configuration#Set default or fallback fonts, https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Fonts_()&oldid=754125, Pages or sections flagged with Template:Translateme (), GNU Free Documentation License 1.3 or later, . They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. "The Urdu language reforms. This simplified style is often preferred for clarity, especially in non-Arabic languages, but may not be considered appropriate in situations where a more elaborate style of calligraphy is preferred. Consonants. This font isn't suited for paragraphs but works great as wide titles. However, in popular publications in India, Urdu is also written in Devanagari, with slight variations to establish a Devanagari Urdu alphabet alongside the Devanagari Hindi alphabet. [49][32] Hindustani emerged as a contact language around Delhi, a result of the increasing linguistic diversity that occurred due to Muslim rule, while the use of its southern dialect, Dakhani, was promoted by Muslim rulers in the Deccan. [82] It is believed to have been coined by the poet Mashafi. Each letter has a position-independent encoding in Unicode, and the rendering software can infer the correct glyph form (initial, medial, final or isolated) from its joining context. Therefore, they should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. Not considering whether speakers may be bilingual in Hindi and Urdu. You can also Search, Chat, send and receive Email in Urdu and type Urdu in Facebook. See also the notes of the section on modified letters. Although the Mughals were of Timurid (Gurkn) Turco-Mongol descent,[54] they were Persianised, and Persian had gradually become the state language of the Mughal empire after Babur,[55][56][57][58] a continuation since the introduction of Persian by Central Asian Turkic rulers in the Indian Subcontinent,[59] and the patronisation of it by the earlier Turko-Afghan Delhi Sultanate. Sometimes used in Arabic as well. We advise the users of this web site to please download and install Nafees Web Naskh font for the best usability of this web site! It is used only at the end of words in some special cases to denote the neuter/non-feminine aspect of the word (mainly verbs), where t marbah cannot be used. MS Word) you want to write Urdu, press left Alt+Shift on keyboard, so you will be able to type Urdu in this software. macOSmacOS This font isn't suited for paragraphs but works great as wide titles. Jameel Noori Nastaleeq Download View Count : 467414. The six other letters that do not correspond to any north Semitic letter are placed at the end. Again, it is left to the rendering engine to present the characters in the correct direction, using Unicode's bi-directional text features. Urdu to English. Urdu - Naskh Font; Urdu - Nastaleeq Font; Urdu - Outline Font; Top 20; Dictionary. This is sometimes used to produce chronograms. In addition questions like "How to write Urdu alongside English?" Remember to type Urdu on your computer an Urdu keyboard "Hardware" is not necessary instead with "Pak Urdu Installer" you can type Urdu with your English keyboard. The predominant Indian film industry Bollywood, located in Mumbai, Maharashtra uses Modern Standard Hindi, colloquial Hindustani, Bombay Hindi, Urdu,[95] Awadhi, Rajasthani, Bhojpuri, and Braj Bhasha, along with Punjabi and with the liberal use of English or Hinglish in scripts and soundtrack lyrics. Early forms of present-day Hindustani developed from the Middle Indo-Aryan apabhraa vernaculars of present-day North India in the 7th13th centuries, chiefly the Dehlavi dialect of the Western Hindi category of Indo-Aryan languages that is known as Old Hindi. As it reached new areas, Hindustani further hybridized with local languages. However, in the education system and particularly in classes on Arabic grammar these vowels are used since they are crucial to the grammar. [60], Hindustani began to take shape as a Persianised vernacular during the Delhi Sultanate (12061526 AD) and Mughal Empire (15261858 AD) in South Asia. A more complex ligature that combines as many as seven distinct components is commonly used to represent the word Allh. "Hindi-Urdu as a pluricentric language." For simplicity Urdu alphabets are arranged with corresponding similar sounding English alphabets, like "A" key is for "ALIF" and "B" key is for "BAY" etc. English to Urdu. Revisiting National Language Debates through Radio Broadcasting in Late Colonial India. [69] The Perso-Arabic script form of this language underwent a standardisation process and further Persianisation during this period (18th century) and came to be known as Urdu, a name derived from Persian: Zabn-e Urd-e Mualla ('language of the court') or Zabn-e Urd ( , 'language of the camp'). Long following a hamzah may be represented by an alif maddah or by a free hamzah followed by an alif (two consecutive alifs are never allowed in Arabic). The basic Arabic alphabet contains 28 letters.Adaptations of the Arabic script for other languages added and removed some letters, as for example Persian, Ottoman Turkish, Kurdish, Urdu, Sindhi, Azerbaijani (in Iran), Malay, Pashto, Punjabi, Uyghur, Arwi and Arabi Malayalam, all of which have additional letters as shown below.There are no distinct upper and Inpage 2021, for instance, is compatible with various RTF and PDF formats. Early forms of present-day Hindustani developed from the Middle Indo-Aryan apabhraa vernaculars of present-day North India in the 7th13th centuries, chiefly the Dehlavi dialect of the Western Hindi category of Indo-Aryan languages that is known as Old Hindi. "LAHORE DURING THE GHANAVID PERIOD.". Basis abjad Arab memiliki 28 huruf.Bahasa selain Arab yang mengadaptasi aksara Arab telah menambahi dan mengurangi beberapa huruf, seperti bahasa Kurdi, bahasa Persia, bahasa Turki Utsmaniyah, bahasa Sindhi, bahasa Urdu, bahasa Melayu, bahasa Jawa, bahasa Pashtun, dan bahasa Malayalam (dengan sistem penulisannya Arabi Malayalam), yang semuanya Pak Urdu Installer is a free Urdu software. It is an Indo-Aryan language, deriving its base primarily from the Western Hindi dialect of Delhi, also known as Khariboli. As Dakhini (or Deccani) where it also draws words from local languages, it survives and enjoys a rich history in the Deccan and other parts of South India, with the prestige dialect being Hyderabadi Urdu spoken in and around the capital of the Nizams and the Deccan Sultanates. Then you can read Urdu in Nastaleeq font and write Urdu in Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Photoshop etc. The Arabic supplement range encodes letter variants mostly used for writing African (non-Arabic) languages. [11] This has led it to be characterised as a continuum that ranges between Hindi and Urdu. [83] In local literature and speech, it was also known as the Lashkari Zabn (military language) or Lashkari. In India, the Hindi register is officially written in Devanagari, and Urdu in the Urdu alphabet, to the extent that these standards are partly defined by their script. Urdu keyboard (hardware) is not required for typing Urdu on the computer. the more formal neutralized form of Hindustani used in television and print news reports. [82] In 1796, John Borthwick Gilchrist published a "A Grammar of the Hindoostanee Language". The diacritic only appears where the consonant at the end of one syllable is identical to the initial consonant of the following syllable. It has a literature of 500 years, with prose, poetry, religion and philosophy. [45], As of 2020, Hindi and Urdu together constitute the 3rd-most-spoken language in the world after English and Mandarin, with 810 million native and second-language speakers, according to Ethnologue,[46] though this includes millions who self-reported their language as 'Hindi' on the Indian census but speak a number of other Hindi languages than Hindustani. 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